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  • The voluntary associations and the social status of Harari Women

  • HARAR JUGOL

    NOMINATION OF PROPERTIES FOR INCLUSION ON THE WORLD HERITAGE LIST

  • Provinces and Princes - Power and the Eastern Ethiopian Periphery C 1906-1916

    This paperl presents the struggle for succession to Menilek in early modern Ethiopia from the perspective of the eastern province of Hararge and the emerging position of an independent Ethiopian state in a region otherwise ruled by colonial administrations. The paper puts forward an approach which views colonialism in Northeast Africa as not simply a foil to Ethiopia’s national struggle, but as a key factor in the construction of the Ethiopian state and its emerging sovereignty, albeit a dynamic that was necessarily internalised by Ethiopian domestic politics. This view is borne out by the important role that the periphery with colonial territory came to have in the struggle for the centre.2 In dealing with these concerns the paper also proposes a different approach to the most enigmatic figure of this period of Ethiopian history, Le} lyyasu………… ……Provincial Paralysis In 1906 Ras Makonnen 13 of Harar died. In the resource centred and frontier fuelled politics of the Ethiopian Empire Hararge province was second only to Shawa. Makonnen was one of the comparatively small coterie of closely related Shawans who had led the military expansion of the Shawan state and through his command of the Hararge gezat, he was the head of a whole section of interests and system of rule. His early death upset the careful equations of power on which Menilek’s patrimonial empire was constructed. A vacancy at the top of the pyramid of power opened up a wealth of possibilities for the use, acquisition, but also the deliquescence of power. Indeed affairs in the eastern province of Hararge after Makonnen’s death are an example of the problematic transfer of power in the nascent Ethiopian empire, even at provincial level, and anticipated the coming crisis at the centre.

  • HARER AWRAJA

  • CONTEMPORARY ETHIOPIAN DISCOURSE ON ISLAMIC HISTORY : THE POLITICS OF HISTORICAL REPRESENTATION

  • A VISIT TO HARAR

  • GLEANINGS IN HARARI GRAMMAR I

    THE LANGUAGE OF HARARI that is spoken inthe Moslem city of Hiarar is one of the Ethiopianlanguages for which no exhaustive grammar is inexistence. Preliminary studies were published byF. M. C. Mondon-Vidailhet, La langue harari etles dialectes ethiopiens du gouraghe, Paris, 1902,p. 1-75; and Marcel Cohen, Etudes d'ethiopienmeridional, Paris, 1931, p. 234-354. More completestudies were published by E. Cerulli, Studietiopici. I. Harari, Rome, 1931; and W. Leslau,The Verb in Harari, Berkeley and Los Angeles,1958.There are still many features in the morphologyand in the syntax that have not been adequatelyinvestigated because of insufficient number of texts.The only existing texts and phrases are thoseof E. Cerulli, op. cit. p. 204-228. I myself had

  • Gey Sinan Dadwa Hifot

    Poetic description of Harari Language It's practice, the sweetness and lovely characteristics of it's use and application.Unpublished Book, made available to the public by the Author.

  • HARARI REGIONAL GOVERNMENT PEFA

    SUMMARY OF ASSESSMENT 1. Integrated Assessment of PFM performance This section summarizes the detailed indicator led-assessment along the six core dimensions identified in the performance measurement framework. Table 1 summarizes the scoring. (a) Credibility of the budget (PIs 1- 4) As revealed by performance indicators 1-3, the budget was by and large implemented as planned except performance indicator 2. The significant deviation indicated by the composition of expenditure outturn compared to the original approved budget has highly contributed to weaken budget credibility. On the other hand due to tight internal control system, strict rules and regulations and strong culture of compliance, the stock of arrears was significantly low, below 2% for the EFY 2000 and 2001 while no arrears were reported in EFY 1999. (b) Comprehensiveness and Transparency The scores of performance indicators under the comprehensiveness and transparency reveal mixed results. The fairly good classification of the budget that allows tracking of expenditures and the insignificant level of unreported extra budgetary expenditures (with the exception of Global Fund expenditures) reveal very good comprehensiveness and transparency. On the other hand, the lack of comprehensiveness of information included in the budget documentation and the lack of access to key fiscal information signifies poor comprehensiveness and transparency. (c) Policy based budgeting The annual budget process is by and large conducted in an orderly way. There is a fixed budget calendar which allows sector bureaus/offices sufficient time to process their budget proposals in accordance with guidelines issued by BoFED. However, there are problems with the timely approval of the budget by the legislature. In addition, no multiyear fiscal forecast on a rolling annual basis has been introduced even though fixed multi-year sectoral development programs and strategic plans are operational. (d) Predictability and control in budget execution Taxes raised by the regional government have legal basis. The income tax is comprehensive and clear with tax payers having easy access to information on tax liabilities. A tax appeal system was setup. A cash flow system has been operational. Bureaus are able to commit expenditure within the year based on approved budget. Procurements are governed by proclamation and directives. However, there are no compiled data on the methods used to award public contracts. Internal audit is operational in the majority of the bureaus/offices but focus on transaction audits than systemic audit. There is lack of complete accounts reconciliation between tax assessment, collections, arrears records and receipts by treasury. Tax arrears are not recorded and no compiled information is available in this

  • Revered Vessel..Custom and innovation in Harari Basketry

    Basketworks of Harar including pictures.

  • A Wedding Law-Suit

    The text of the "law-suit" is formal and was given to me as follows.A =accuser, B =accused.A: "In the name of the bridegroom, in the name of the bride, in the name of theyoung man; if there are left (others that I don't mention), forgive me. As to the garad5Ahmad Addus, I ask for a verdict against him. When the young men played helaughed, indeed; I want you to inform yourself about i t (for me)." arriz sera, arrizitsera, darma sera; zipara bal gir, awfi iislufi. abmad addas garad-be hap i_ka3-b-ab-a._k

  • Harari Funeral Customs

    Funeral Customs and practices of Hararies is discussed

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  • Test Multi Image
  • Written Sources of Non-Western Transfers of Material Culture in 19th Century Ethiopia - East Asian Business and Craftsmanship
  • When a quest for modernization meets French imperialist aspiration: The circumstances surrounding the establishment of the St. Anthony Leprosarium and the Ras Mäkʷännәn en Hospital in Harar (1901-1906)
  • Menelik Demolished A mosque and turned it into an Orthodox Church
  • ውሸትን ማገለጥ 1ቶጲያ በውሸትና ቅጥፈት የተሞሏ
    የቶጲያ ውሸት ዘጋቢ የሚከተለውን በአረብ ፈቂ መጸሃፍ ያልተጻፈን ሰነድ ተጻፈ ብሎ የውሸት ዘገባ ያስነባል …ይህም የሚከተለው በቶጲያ የቀረበ ነው[በአረብ ፈቂህ ዘገባ መሰረት የስልጤ አዲያ ሱልጣኔት አዲ ገራድ ሙሪየስ የምትባል ሴት ልጁን ለኢማም አህመድ ገራድ ኢብራሂም አልጋዚ ዳረላቸው ]ልብ በሉ ጸሃፊው በፍቱል አል ሐበሽ ገጹ አልጠቀሰም ፣የቶጲያ ጸሃፊ ነጃሺ ከዲር ሻሞ ምኞቱ ኢማም አህመድ ስልጤ ሚስት ነበረችው ፣ ከኢማም ጋር ተገብተናል ነው ፣ ሰነዱ እውነት ቢሆን እሰየው ነበር ። ነገር ግን በፍቱል ሐበሽ ፈጽሞ ስለ ስልጤ ኢማሙ ያገባት የሚል የለም የጸሃፊውን ቅጥፈት ለማጋለጥ መረጃውን የሚከተለውን በፍቱል አልሐበሽ ስለ ኢማም አህመድ ሚስቶችን ከነ ገጹ አቀርባለሁኝ ።ቅጽ 1 ገጽ 47 አንዳንድ የሰራዊት አባላት ኢማሙን ሚስታቸው ድልወንበራ ወደ ከሃዲያን አገር አብራን ትሂድ ዘንድ አንፈቅድም ይህ ከርሶ በፊት የነበሩት አሚሮች ያልፈጸሙት ድርጊትና ተግባር ነው ብለው ተጠየቁ ኢማሙም ሚስታቸው የቀረበውን ክስ እንዲመለሱ ሰራዊቱ ፊት ተጠየቁ ሚስታቸውም ድልወንበራ አልመለስም አለች ፣ ኢማሙም ሚስታቸውን ይዘው ወደ ኢፋት ተንቀሳቀሱቅጽ 1 ገጽ 57 በዚፋሕ 6 ቀናት ቆዩ የኢማሙ ባለቤት (ድልወንበራ) ዚፋህ ላይ ወንድ ልጅ ተገላገለች ስሙም መሐመድ ወጣለት ።ቅጽ 1 ገጽ 106 ኢማሙና ባለቤቱ (ድል ወንበራ )ወደፈለጉት አገር እንዲሄዱ …..ቅጽ 1 ገጽ 114 የልብነድንግል
  • THE INFLUENCE OF ARAB AND ASIAN TRADERS ON HARARI MUSIC AND CULTURAL IDENTITY
    The objective of this study is investigating how and why the Harari peoples Music and cultural Identity isdifferent from the other parts of the Ethiopian people. This study has mainly focused on the forms and thescale and why this scale or music, forms and cultural identities are different from the other parts of Ethiopia.
  • Islam of Yesterday and of Today
    This historical book, entitled “L’ISLAM DI IERI E DI OGGI”, was actually translated into English in 1992. It is necessarily polyglot volume that needed a herculean effort to maintain its spirit. Though no professional translator is permitted to alter the gist of the original text, some isolated words, phrases or entire sections, had to be cut out due to social, religious sensitivity or transgression of faith. The entire last part of the book, as well, has been left out due to lack of coherence to our subject `matter. The original Italian title of this book itself “Islam of Yesterday and of Today”, is a misnomer per se. I dare say this because Islam, as a dogma and an absolute guide for man, was, is and will remain the same, unalterable. Therefore, the English title of this book has necessarily been found to be fitter. I am certain that this erudite Italian, Cerulli, would have given me a nudge and blessed this infringement. This highly illuminated scholar enjoys the gratitude of the Harari ethnic group of Ethiopia. Emran M. Waber
  • ሀረሪ ዊቂር ኪታብ ( Harari Poem Book)
    ዪ ኪታቡው ዚከተብኾ ሺኢሽቲ አሳሲያሐደፋችቤ መትኤሰስቤንታ፡፡አሐድታኝ ሐደፍዞ ሀረሪ ሉኃው መሌቃዋ መኔራንታ፡፡ ዪዞም አሐድጋርሌ ዳይቤ ቀጠጡ ነሳምቲ ዪልዛል ቀዲም ነሰባችዚኛ ባሎቱው ሐፍቲሞሻቤ፤አሐድ ሉኃ ዪነብራሌ የሚችዛል ቀድራዋ ደረጃዞው ዪለሕዲኩትሞሻቤ፤ ሀረሪ ሉኃው መሌቃዋ መኔራሌ ዪኹንዛል ሐረካቤ አኑም ጢቱምኻነጊር ገረቤዛጥ ቼኽሊ አትታጮቴው ሞሻሌ ጠብ ዛያንታ፡፡ ኮኦትታኝ ሐደፍዞ ሀረሪ ኩቱብ ሲነት አልታኑም ሀረሪ ሲና- ኩቱብደረጃዞው፣ ቀድራዞው ዋ ሒርፈቱው መሌቃንታ፡፡ ዪትታወቃዛልኩትቤሀረሪ ኡምመት ፊዝቤ ጉዶር ዘማን ዘትሔለቃ ኩቱብ ሲነት ሒርፈት ዛላኡምመቲንታ፡፡ ቀዲም ጌይ ዚክሪ ዊቅሪያች፤ ፈራኢድ ዋ መስኖይ ፈቀርኪታቡው ዚምሳሰሉ ቀዲም ኩቱባች ሀረሪ ሉኃው መሌቃሌ ዛሾ ኦርአትታጮትዋ ፋይዳ ኦርኩት ጊዲሪንታ፡፡ አስሊዞቤ አሐድ ሉኃ መሌቃሌዪፈርካዛል መስሳነን ሉኃ መኽናዞ ሙጥጢቤም አልታዋ መክተብሉኃነትቤ አክካዞቤ መትናፋእሌ ዚትፈረከሳንታ፡፡ ሀረሪ ሉኃው ኩሙልዚታ ኡጋቤ መሌቃሌ መስሳነንዋ መክተብ ሉኃው ፈንከሌ ፈንካ መሌቃየትኺሻል፡፡ መኽናዞቤም ሲና - ኩቱብ ሀረሪ ኡምመት ኩቱብ ሉኃሒርፈትዞው ዋ ደረጃዞው መሌቃሌ የትፊርኪዛሉ ከታራችቤ አሐድዞመኽነዞቤ ዪ ኪታብ ሀረሪ መክተብ ሲነቱው መሌቃሌዋ መዝጋጋሕ ቼኽሊአትታጮት ዪነብራሐል፡፡ሺኢሽታኝ ሐደፍዞ ሀረሪ ኡምመት ታሪኽዞ፣ አዳዞ፣ ሉኃዞ፣ ሲነትዞ ዋማንነትዞ ባሕ ዚትቃጠሩ አሳሲያ ሓጃች ሺርቲቤ አቅሊ መትጋዛቤ ሉኽ ሑሉፍሞሻንታ፡፡ ሀረሪ ሉኃ ኡምመትዞ ዚመሐድ ማንነትዋ ከራማው መትቴወቅቤ፣መቄራሕዋ መኔራቤ ላቂ ሲጅጃ ዛላ መኽናዞቤም ዲባያ ኡምመትዞ ያሻዛልዲነት ጌይ፣ ዳይ ሐዋዚያዋ ሲያሳ ኩሽኩሽቲቤ ዛላ አትታጮት ኦርኩትጊዲሪንታ፡፡ መኽናዞቤም ዪ ኪታብ ሀረሪ ሉኃ ኡምመትዞሌ መስጣ ዛልባዲነት ጌይ፣ ዳይ ሐዋዚያዋ ሲያሳ ኺድማዋ ፋይዳው መሌቃሌ ዪፈርኪኩትሞሻ ቻላቤ ኢስበልበላት ሒርቃኦታችቤ ዚትከተቡ ዊቂራችቤ የሐትፊዛሉ፣የቀንዛሉ፣ የትሊምዲዛሉ፣ የትቲውቂዛሉ፣ የትፋርሒዛሉ ሉኻቹው ሑሉፍሞሻሌ መጌበቲንታ፡፡አሚር አሊ አቂል The Book Is Available On Market
  • Futuh Al-Habaša: The Conquest of Abyssinia [16th Century] by Šihab ad-Din Ahmad bin Abd al-Qader bin Salem bin Utman, Paul Lester Stenhouse and Richard Pankhurst
    The rise in the early sixteenth century of the charismatic Adal leader ImamAhmed bin Ibrahim; his seizure of power at the old Islamic city of Harar: hiscampaigns against Somalis and other fellow Muslims in the neighbouringlowlands: his jihad, or Holy War, against what he considered the 'non-believers’ ofsouth-west Ethiopia, and his subsequent neardestruction of the age-old EthiopianChristian state - all this constituted a major turning-point in the history of Ethiopiaand the Horn of Africa.The wars of Ahmed bin Ibrahim - Ahmed Grafi. or the Left-handed, as he isoften called - had immense consequences. These included the conversion to Islam,albeit in many cases only temporary, of a vast proportion of the Ethiopianpopulation: the virtual collapse of the traditional Christian Ethiopian empire: thebreaking-down of long-established feudal relationships, and related taxation: heavyloss of life, by combatants and civilians alike: the capture, and despatch to Arabia(and also to India) of innumerable slaves: the destruction of some of the country'sfinest Christian churches, monasteries, and treasures: and the bringing to Harar.and export to Arabia, of considerable quantities of gold, used in part by the imamfor the purchase of fire-arms and other weapons.The warfare associated with the imam, which had an important internationaldimension, became increasingly enmeshed in the global conflict between theChristian Portuguese and the Muslim Ottoman Turks. This led to the arrival ofmany Arab fusiliers and canoneers on the Imam's side, and of their Portuguesecounterparts, led by Vasco da Gama's son Christovao.
  • Land ownership in Hararge Province
  • The Musings of a Harari on Harari things:A public conversation with Hararis
    I had the opportunity to watch the film, Faya Dayi, with my mother. It’s a movie situated in Harar,Ethiopia, attempting to present a unique glimpse into the life of a denizen of the Harari region. It’s amovie with subtitles.......... While most of the reviews for this film, that I’ve seen, have been positive, they’ve also all been writtenby non-Hararis. As the filmmaker, Jessica Beshir, sets out to tell a specific story, I, with all the hubris Ican muster, hope to offer the rare Harari perspective .
  • Dil Shahan ( ዲል ሸሀን )
    Oር መህጂጃች 2 , ሐድነት 4 ,ጅምጅምቲ ሞ ድምድምቲ 6 , ሩህኻድ Aለፉው 7, Uመት ሂልቂ 10 , Oር መህጂጃሌ ዚትሰጠ 13 ኮOት ኣዳው መትጋበት 15, ኣው Aባድር ሐረሪ ወለባይ 16 , ሐረሪ መሀድ ኮንግረስ ዲያስፖራቤ 18 _x000D_
  • Khat culture and economic wellbeing: Comparison of a chewer and non-chewer families in Harar city
    This study contributes to the debate on khat by comparing the family wellbeing of khat chewer (consumer) and non-chewer families in Harar city, by using the International Wealth Index’s (IWI) characterization of wellbeing. The study utilized the survey method. Respondents were identified using a cluster sampling method. The data was gathered using an interview schedule, in-depth interviews, and non-participant observation...
  • Extract From Documents of Foreign Diplomacy
    Extract : from several Volumes Contributor ; Abdulahi Sherif Note : Pleae read " Barar " as" Harar " , " Majour Bunter " As " Majour Hunter " ( electronic tranlation error)
  • Images Of Harari Object Collections In A Russian Museum
    Collector : Nikolai Gumilyov Museum : Kunstekamera , Russia
  • Ten forts in Addis and six in Hararge: of advanced military might, on the emplacement of Barara, capital
    It is now ten years since ‘space archaeology’, or remote sensing applied to heritage management has been introduced to Ethiopia2 . Sites I briefly present here constitute the most spectacular discoveries of the period, have created international interest and have part contributed to the onset of research by the British team of Professor Insoll. He excavated scientifically, for the first time sites in Harar and Hararge.....
  • Harar Jugol, Preserving the cultural identity of a UNESCO World Heritage site
    Harar Jugol, Ethiopia, through an investigation of the architectural heritage as an expression of the traditional values and norms of the Harari urban culture. Master Thesis; University of Strathclyde
  • An Analysis of the events that led to the Hannolatto movement and the Culub insurection
  • Nell' Harrar
  • In memory of Ahmed Abdo Amin
    Ahmed Abdosh was a man of many talents and hobbies and always remembered for his elite work ethic that includes drawings, photography, philanthropy, gardening, Ayat and Quran inscriptions. His drawings focus on culture and nature reflecting on the Harari society and the untold pain the community endured under the imperial rulers. Ahmed made his best mark when he took up to inscribe a copy of the Quran....
  • The Sultanates of Medieval Ethiopia
    Given its geographical situation across the Red Sea from the Arabian Peninsula and the Gulf of Aden, it is perhaps not surprising that the Horn of Africa was exposed to an early and continuous presence of Islam during the Middle Ages. Indeed, it has long been known that Muslim communities and Islamic sultanates flourished in Ethiopia and bordering lands during the medieval centuries. However, despite a sizeable amount of Ethiopian Christian documents (in Gǝʿǝz) relating to their Muslim neighbors and valuable Arabic literary sources produced outside Ethiopia and, in some cases, emanating from Ethiopian communities themselves, the Islamic presence in Ethiopia difficult to apprehend. It is so because it has not attracted the same amount of scholarly investment as Ethiopian Christianity, so much so that epigraphic and archeological evidence have long remained scanty and only recently started to produce a significant corpus of material evidence, which now allows to revisit the history of Islamic penetration in Ethiopia and of Muslim-Christian relationships through centuries.
  • Ethiopians Speak-Harari
  • KItab Mawleed ( Sherefel Alameen)
  • Le sultanat de l’Awfāt, sa capitale et la nécropole des Walasma
    his article recounts fifteen years of archaeological and historical research on the Islamic Sultanates of Medieval Ethiopia. After intense surveys in different areas from Eastern Ethiopia to present-day Somaliland that revealed the ruins of Islamic cities, the research focused on the Ifāt region in Central Ethiopia. Several urban sites were spotted there and one of them, Nora, was investigated, showing vestiges (houses, mosques, cemetery) dating back to the 14th and 15th centuries. Finally, a major discovery, that of a necropolis composed of epigraphic tombs of members of the Walasmaʿ dynasty, whose texts are published here, made it possible to locate the 14th century capital of the Ifāt Sultanate. The spatial organization of this site, Awfāt, closely matches the description made by the Arab writer Abū al-Fidā’ in the early 14th century
  • Fath ul Rahman